Likomkomere mefuta e sa tsoaneng le poone e nyalisitsoeng ha e khetholle feela ka boholo le sebōpeho. Hona joale litsebi le litsebi tse nang le phihlelo li na le khetho e kholo, e balang eseng ka mashome, empa ka makholo a mefuta. Ke eng e lokelang ho tataisoa ha u khetha mefuta e mengata? Ntlha ea pele, ho tsoa mefuta ena ea mefuta-futa, o lokela ho khetha tse loketseng sebaka sa hau sa bolulo le boemo ba leholimo. Haeba o khetha mefuta-futa ka tsela e nepahetseng, joale likomkomere li tla be li le khahlanong le ho jala maloetse, a tloaelehileng sebakeng sa hau, le maemo a leholimo. Arola mefuta ea salate ho tloha ho mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea canning. Tseba hape hore mefuta e sa tsoaneng ea mefuta e sa tsoaneng e kotula lijalo ka potlako, ba morao-rao ba hanyetsana le maloetse le fruiting e telele. Ntho ea bohlokoa ke hore na likomkomere li silafatsoa ke likokoana-hloko kapa ka ho ipolisa.
U ka khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa ogrica joang? Ka kakaretso, mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea likomkomere e ka aroloa ka makotikoting, salate le bokahohleng. Ha u khetha mefuta e fapa-fapaneng, u tlameha ho tseba hore na u hōlisa likomkomere, le ho khetha mefuta e sa tšoaneng, e thehiloeng pakane ea hau.
Mehlala e meng ea mefuta e tloaelehileng ea makotikoting le poone e nyalisitsoeng: Avant-garde, Asterix, Brigantine, Metsoalle ea 'nete, Aquarius, Vyaznikovsky 37, Salting, Competitor, Mig, Tšepahalang, Spring, Favorit.
Mehlala e seng mekae ea mefuta e tloaelehileng ea salate le poone e nyalisitsoeng: Adam, Vladivostok 155, Parade, Rusty sebakeng sa moo, Synthesis.
Mehlala e meng ea mefuta e sa tloaelehang ea mefuta e sa tšoaneng le mefuta e sa tloaelehang ea limela: Stork, Blagodatny, Golubchik, Druzhina, Unity, Kit, Levin, Marinda, Pasamonte, Seversky, Nightingale, Ussuriyskiy 3, Photon, Epilogue.
Nakong ea ho butsoa le ka kopano, likomkomere li ka aroloa ka lihlopha:
1. Ho butsoa pele - mefuta e mengata e hōlileng mobung ebe e bina kapele - ho tloha letlobo ho ea pele litholoana li nka matsatsi a 45. Maemong a mangata ke salate likomkomere.
2. Bohareng ba ho butsoa - ho fihlela litholoana tsa meroho ho nka matsatsi a 50. Tsena ke likomkomere tsa bokahohleng le mekotla.
3. Matsatsi a mangata a fetang 50. Tsena ke likomkomere tsa mefuta e mengata ea lik'honthinente.
Likomkomere tse butsoitseng haholo ke tsa moriti. Li jaloa hantle ho tloha bohareng ba December ka kamoreng, li khantšitsoe ka lebone. 'Me ntle le mabone - ho tloha bohareng ba February. Ka ho fetisisa monate oa pele ho ripening likomkomere F1 poone e nyalisitsoeng: Taiga, Marathon, Manuel.
Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng le poone e nyenyane ea lihlopha leha e le life e fapane le "sesepa" ea eona le ponahalo ho itšetlehile ka hore na tse fapa-fapaneng li tsoa hokae. Ka mohlala, Asia Bohareng, likomkomere tse boreleli li ratoa, bolelele ba bona ke ba 15-20 cm, 'mala o motala o motala. Chaena le Japane, likomkomere tse telele tse 60-80 cm, tse koahetsoeng ka mela e tebileng le li-tubercles, li ratoa haholo. 'Me Europe Bophirimela, ba khetha likomkomere tse nyenyane tse 7-10 cm, le likhahla tse nyenyane tsa sefate le li-tubercles. Hape ho tloaelehile ho na le likomkomere tse nyenyane tse nang le "lesela la Dutch", leo ka lona ho sa tloaelehang li-tubercles tse nang le li-spines. Europe Bochabela le Russia, likomkomere tse nang le "sesepa sa Russia" li tumme haholo - litholoana tse khanyang tsa bolelele bo bolelele le ka linako tse ling li-hillocks le mebala e bobebe kapa e masoeu qetellong (Ustyug, Gypsy, Murashka, Valdai, Slobodskaya). Likomkomere tsena li ntle haholo ho salting, hobane Ka lebaka la li-tubercles tse sa tloaelehang, brine e kenella litholoana ka tsela e ts'oanang.
Ho khaotsa ho fetisa ke mohloli oa bohlokoa oa khetho. Khetholla meutloa e sootho, e ntšo, e tšoeu.
Litholoana tse nang le meutloa e tšoeu - mofuta oa salate 'me ha li loketse pickling. Ho tloha mapolasing a futhumetseng ho rona ho liluloaneng ho tla hangata hangata likomkomere tse joalo, ho sa tsotellehe nako ea selemo. Li-spine tse tloaelehileng li ka bonoa esita le ka nako e telele e butsoitseng likomkomere.
Li-spikes tse bohale le tse ntšo li bontša litholoana tsa mofuta o mong le o mong. Ha e le hantle, tsena ke mefuta e mengata le poone e nyalisitsoeng e etselitsoeng ho greenhouses le e bulehileng fatše. Likomkomere tse joalo li monate ho ja li-fresh, pickle le salted. Taba ea bona feela ke hore ba potlakela ho bona ka potlako, ba fetoha maqeba le mahlaseli ho feta likomkomere meutloa e tšoeu.
Ntho e 'ngoe hape ha u khetha likomkomere tse fapaneng ke mokotla oa mae a bomme. Ha likomkomere li butsoa ka har'a lihlopha, ha li tsoe ka ntle. Litholoana tse joalo li ntle bakeng sa marinate le pickling (Arina, Metsoalle e Tšepahalang, Molaoli, Nights ea Moscow, joalo-joalo).
Kajeno li-hybrids tsa F1 li ntse li e-ba tse ratoang haholoanyane. Li fumanoa ka ho tšela mela e 'meli. Tse ngata tsa poone ena li hlahisa limela le limela tsa mathoasong, boholo ba lipalesa tsa bona bo na le pollinate kapa basali (e leng, ntle le grafts). Li-hybrids li fana ka kotulo e ntle. Esita le ha litholoana tsa lebasetere lena li feta, ha li na tatso e bohloko. Ka mor'a moo, lihlahisoa tse ling tsa lihlopha tsa F1 li bontšoa, tse ipakileng li le hantle ha li hōlile eseng feela ke litsebi lipolasing, empa le libakeng tse ikemetseng, matlong a bolulo le lirapeng tsa kichineng:
Metsoalle ea 'nete (mofuta oa bokahohle), Okhotny Ryad (mofuta oa bokahohleng), Bobrik (mofuta oa salate), Uglich (mofuta oa salate), Ustug (mofuta oa bokahohleng), Shchedrik (mofuta oa salate), Murashka (mofuta oa bokahohleng), Titus (bokahohle) Julian (mofuta oa salate), Vladko (mofuta oa bokahohleng), Anulka (mofuta oa salate), Andrus (mofuta oa bokahohleng), Sander (mofuta oa salate).
Haeba u khetha likarikane tsa parthenocarpic (ka mofuta oa basali oa lipalesa), lema pollinator ho eona, ho seng joalo lipalesa li tla ba ngata, empa ho tla ba le litholoana tse 'maloa. Ho phaella moo, parthenocarpy mefuta e mengata hangata hōlileng ka filimi bolulo le greenhouses. Haeba li silafatsoa ke linotsi, litholoana li ka sotheha. Kahoo u se ke ua hōla mefuta e sa tšoaneng tšimong, ntle leha e bontšoa hore e loketse sena.
Hape hopola hore likomkomere li na le thermophilic, 'me li ka lengoa sebakeng se bulehileng feela ha ho se kotsi ea serame.